phàm trần
Definition
- Noun:
- The mortal world; the earthly realm: Refers to the secular, physical world inhabited by humans, often contrasted with a spiritual or divine realm. It emphasizes the mundane, material, and sometimes impure aspects of human existence.
- Worldly affairs; secular life: Denotes the concerns, temptations, and attachments of ordinary human life.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Con người sống trong cõi phàm trần đầy bon chen. (Humans live in the mortal world full of strife.)
- Thiền định giúp tâm hồn thoát khỏi những hệ lụy của phàm trần. (Meditation helps the soul escape the entanglements of the earthly realm.)
- Ông ấy từ bỏ phàm trần để đi tu. (He abandoned secular life to become a monk.)
Advanced Usage
- The term is often used in philosophical, religious, or literary contexts to express a duality between the spiritual and the material, the pure and the impure, or the eternal and the temporary.
- Thơ ca của ông thường nói về sự giằng co giữa cõi tâm linh và phàm trần. (His poetry often speaks of the struggle between the spiritual realm and the mortal world.)
Variants and Related Words
Trần tục (adj/n): Mundane, secular; worldly. Often used interchangeably with "phàm trần" but can function as an adjective.
- Anh ta không màng đến những chuyện trần tục. (He pays no mind to mundane matters.)
Cõi tục (n): The secular world. A synonym with a similar meaning.
- Sống trong cõi tục, giữ tâm thanh tịnh là điều khó. (Living in the secular world while keeping a pure heart is difficult.)
Synonyms
- The mortal world: The world of humans, subject to death and decay.
- The earthly realm: The physical world.
- Secular life: Life concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters.
Related Idioms
- Phàm trần tục lụy: The burdens and attachments of the mortal world. This phrase emphasizes the weight of worldly desires and troubles.
- Muốn tìm an lạc, phải gạt bỏ phàm trần tục lụy. (To find peace, one must cast aside the burdens of the mortal world.)